{"id":2093,"date":"2024-02-02T05:57:39","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T05:57:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/?p=2093"},"modified":"2024-02-02T05:57:39","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T05:57:39","slug":"bolile-cardiovasculare-si-cerebrovasculare-bcc-sunt-principalele-cauze-de-mortalitate-si-morbiditate-la-nivelul-romaniei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/2024\/02\/02\/bolile-cardiovasculare-si-cerebrovasculare-bcc-sunt-principalele-cauze-de-mortalitate-si-morbiditate-la-nivelul-romaniei\/","title":{"rendered":"Bolile cardiovasculare \u0219i cerebrovasculare (BCC) sunt principalele cauze de mortalitate \u0219i morbiditate la nivelul Rom\u00e2niei"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Strategia Na\u021bional\u0103 pentru Combaterea Bolilor Cardiovasculare \u0219i Cerebrovasculare (SNBCC) urm\u0103re\u0219te \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate a popula\u021biei din Rom\u00e2nia prin implementarea unui plan de reform\u0103 sistemic\u0103 a gestion\u0103rii bolilor cardiovasculare \u0219i cerebrovasculare la nivel na\u021bional, \u00een concordan\u021b\u0103 cu Strategia Na\u021bional\u0103 de S\u0103n\u0103tate 2023-2027.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SNBCC vizeaz\u0103 definirea \u0219i implementarea politicilor de s\u0103n\u0103tate bazate sau fundamentate pe dovezi, ce dirijeaz\u0103 utilizarea resurselor \u00een s\u0103n\u0103tate, dar \u0219i prioritizarea patologilor cu povar\u0103 important\u0103 \u00een cadrul sistemului de s\u0103n\u0103tate din Rom\u00e2nia, prin abordarea unor teme esen\u021biale \u00een plan na\u021bional: \u201ccare este realitatea epidemiologic\u0103 \u0219i social\u0103 a acestor boli la nivel na\u021bional?\u201d, \u201ccare sunt interven\u021biile cele mai sigure, eficiente, eficace \u0219i cost-eficace pentru reducerea acestei poveri?\u201d, &#8220;ce instrumente clinice sunt necesare profesioni\u0219tilor din sistemul de s\u0103n\u0103tate pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi calitatea actului medical?&#8221; sau \u201cce m\u0103suri sau politici publice sunt necesare pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi nivelul de s\u0103n\u0103tate a popula\u021biei?\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"519\" height=\"398\" src=\"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/avc.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2094\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bolile cardiovasculare \u0219i cerebrovasculare (BCC) sunt principalele cauze de mortalitate \u0219i morbiditate la nivelul Rom\u00e2niei. Conform celor mai recente raport\u0103ri OECD, Rom\u00e2nia ocup\u0103 unul dintre primele locuri \u00een Europa \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te mortalitatea din cauze prevenibile sau tratabile, cu o rat\u0103 semnificativ mai mare dec\u00e2t media european\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La nivel na\u021bional, boala cardiac\u0103 ischemic\u0103 reprezint\u0103 prima cauz\u0103 de deces evitabil prin preven\u021bie. Cele mai multe decese prevenibile de cauz\u0103 cardiovascular\u0103 sunt \u00eenregistrate \u00een jude\u021bele din centrul, nord-vestul \u0219i vestul \u021b\u0103rii iar cele mai pu\u021bine decese prevenibile de cauz\u0103 cardiovascular\u0103 sunt \u00eent\u00e2lnite \u00een localit\u0103\u021bile din jude\u021bele din nord-estul \u021b\u0103rii. Potrivit raportului INS mortalitatea prin boli ale aparatului circulator are un trend u\u0219or ascendent \u00een intervalul 2011\u20102020, cresc\u00e2nd \u00een 2020 fa\u021b\u0103 de 2011 cu 59,9\u203000 (11242 decese), de la 675,3\u203000 (151538 decese) \u00een 2011 la 735,2\u203000 (162780 decese) \u00een 2020 (cea mai mare rat\u0103 \u00een intervalul studiat).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">                                    <strong> \u00cen ultimii 10 ani se observ\u0103 o cre\u0219tere a num\u0103rului de infarcte miocardice acute (IMA) si de AVC la persoanele cu v\u00e2rste sub 50 de ani<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Accesul pacientului la preven\u021bia cardiovascular\u0103 \u0219i cerebrovascular\u0103 poate fi influen\u021bat de diverse bariere \u0219i facilitatori.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva dintre barierele \u0219i facilitatorii cheie care pot afecta accesul pacientului la preven\u021bia BCC:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Resurse financiare:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lipsa unei asigur\u0103ri medicale care s\u0103 acopere costurile serviciilor de s\u0103n\u0103tate, de tipul preven\u021biei BCC;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Costuri crescute suportate de pacient, care \u00eel pot descuraja s\u0103 apeleze la consulta\u021bii de preven\u021bie cardiovascular\u0103 \/ cerebrovascular\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bariere geografice:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Acces limitat la cabinete \/ centre medicale \/ spitale, \u00een special \u00een zonele rurale;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Parcursul unor distan\u021be crescute pentru controale de rutin\u0103, care pot descuraja unii pacien\u021bi s\u0103 se mai prezinte la medic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Educa\u021bie medical\u0103 deficitar\u0103:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Educa\u021bia medical\u0103 deficitar\u0103 poate determina o slab\u0103 \u00een\u021belegere a programelor de preven\u021bie \u00een BCC \u015fi implicit a importan\u021bei accesului c\u0103tre speciali\u0219ti;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mul\u021bi pacien\u021bi nu \u00ee\u015fi con\u0219tientizeaz\u0103 propriul risc cardiovascular neglij\u00e2nd consulta\u021bia la medicul specialist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bariere de ordin cultural: diverse obiceiuri culturale care pot influen\u021ba decizia pacientului de a se prezenta la medic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Frica \u0219i stigmatul asociat BCC:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stigmatul asociat unor factori de risc, precum obezitatea sau fumatul, pot descuraja pacientul de a se prezenta la o consulta\u021bie de preven\u021bie cardiovascular\u0103 \/ cerebrovascular\u0103;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Frica de anumite proceduri diagnostice poate influen\u021ba decizia pacientului de a se prezenta la medic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bariere legate de sistemul de s\u0103n\u0103tate:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Medicina primar\u0103 nu este suficient promovat\u0103 pentru interven\u021biile preventive;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inexisten\u021ba unei disponibilit\u0103\u021bi imediate pentru o consulta\u021bie poate duce la am\u00e2narea pe termen nedefinit a prezent\u0103rii la medic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Preven\u021bia nu e perceput\u0103 ca o activitate prioritar\u0103 \u00een politicile de s\u0103n\u0103tate, din cauza beneficiilor care de obicei se \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 pe termen mediu \u0219i lung, \u00een compara\u021bie cu tratamentul acut al BCC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">                                                                                                <strong>Rom\u00e2nia avea \u00een 2022 un total de 2440 de cardiologi si 1285 de neurologi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0Municipiul Bucure\u0219ti \u00eensumeaz\u0103 33% dintre cardiologi ( si 25% dintre neurologi.\u00a0, conform studiului SRC din 2021, sunt: Br\u0103ila, Buz\u0103u, C\u0103l\u0103ra\u015fi, Giurgiu, T\u00e2rgu Jiu, Alexandria si Foc\u015fani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te medicii neurologi, distribu\u021bia este de asemenea inegal\u0103, primele 12 jude\u021be din Rom\u00e2nia (Bucure\u0219ti, Cluj, Timi\u0219, Ia\u0219i, Dolj, Constan\u021ba, Bra\u0219ov, Mure\u0219. Bihor, Sibiu, Gorj, Bac\u0103u) cumul\u00e2nd 69% din totalul medicilor neurologi, restul de 30 de jude\u021be av\u00e2nd 31% dintre ace\u0219tia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/419716326_888366726623567_8069848173452187764_n.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2095\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Raportat la num\u0103rul de locuitori, \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, \u00een anul 2022, media na\u021bional\u0103 era de 1 neurolog la 30718 locuitori. Distribu\u021bia inegal\u0103 teritorial\u0103 se reflect\u0103 \u0219i \u00een raportarea per capita.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">                                                                                                 \u00ce<strong>n Rom\u00e2nia, recuperarea cardiovascular\u0103 nu este reglementat\u0103 legal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recuperarea medical\u0103 reglementat\u0103 prin&nbsp; ordinul 1221\/2010, completat\u0103 prin Ordinul nr. 361\/2013 pentru modificarea Ordinului ministrului s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii nr. 1.222\/2010 privind aprobarea ghidului de practic\u0103 medical\u0103 pentru specialitatea recuperare, medicin\u0103 fizic\u0103 \u015fi balneologie, prezint\u0103 modul de organizare a activit\u0103\u021bi specialit\u0103\u021bii, \u00eens\u0103 nu cuprinde informa\u021bii specifice despre recuperarea cardiovascular\u0103 \u0219i despre modul \u00een care aceasta trebuie desf\u0103\u0219urat\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen Romania, preven\u021bia secundar\u0103 a bolilor cardiovasculare este condus\u0103 \u0219i realizat\u0103 de cardiologi \u0219i de asemenea, antrenamentul fizic al bolnavilor cardiovasculari este o activitate indicat\u0103 de cardiologi \u0219i desf\u0103\u0219urat\u0103 \u00een centre specializate de cardiologie ambulatorie sau spitale (sec\u021biile de Recuperare Cardio-Pulmonar\u0103 din Ia\u0219i, Timi\u0219oara, T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Cluj \u0219i Spitalul de Boli Cardiovasculare Covasna).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen prezent, recuperarea cardiovascular\u0103 se realizeaz\u0103 \u00een sistemul public decontat de Casa Na\u021bional\u0103 de Asigur\u0103ri de S\u0103n\u0103tate \u00een \u0219ase&nbsp; centre regionale de cardiologie din Bucure\u0219ti, Ia\u0219i, Cluj, T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Timi\u0219oara \u0219i Covasna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\u00cen ultimii ani au ap\u0103rut \u0219i unit\u0103\u021bi private ce desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 programe de recuperare, cu spitalizare sau ambulatorii, \u00eens\u0103 nu exist\u0103 la momentul actual o statistic\u0103 clar\u0103 cu privire la num\u0103rul acestora, num\u0103rul de pacien\u021bi care au desf\u0103\u0219urat recuperare cardiac\u0103, tipul programelor desf\u0103\u0219urate \u0219i durata acestora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a id=\"_msocom_2\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Strategia Na\u021bional\u0103 pentru Combaterea Bolilor Cardiovasculare \u0219i Cerebrovasculare (SNBCC) urm\u0103re\u0219te \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate a&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2093","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"gutentor_comment":1,"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","covernews-slider-full":"","covernews-slider-center":"","covernews-featured":"","covernews-medium":"","covernews-medium-square":""},"author_info":{"display_name":"Angella Dumitrascu","author_link":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/author\/angella-dumitrascu\/"},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/category\/uncategorized\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Uncategorized<\/a>","tag_info":"Uncategorized","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2093","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2093"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2093\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2096,"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2093\/revisions\/2096"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2093"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2093"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magazinmr.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2093"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}